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日刊 /2026-07-07 / 生儿育女的真相与误解

生儿育女的真相与误解

原文 www.paulgraham.com 收录 2026-07-07 14:36 阅读 8 min
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Paul Graham 分享自己从害怕生孩子到成为父亲后感受到的惊喜与改变。他反思了此前对父母生活的偏见——只看到吵闹的孩子和疲惫的父母,却忽略了无数安静而美妙的时刻。孩子不仅带来强烈的保护欲,还成为有趣的朋友,尽管会降低工作效率和野心,但日常中的幸福感远超从前。本文是一篇坦诚的个人随笔,适合所有对生育犹豫的读者。

原文 8 分钟
原文 www.paulgraham.com ↗
§ 1

Having Kids

生子

§ 2

December 2019Before I had kids, I was afraid of having kids. Up to that point I felt about kids the way the young Augustine felt about living virtuously. I'd have been sad to think I'd never have children. But did I want them now? No. If I had kids, I'd become a parent, and parents, as I'd known since I was a kid, were uncool. They were dull and responsible and had no fun. And while it's not surprising that kids would believe that, to be honest I hadn't seen much as an adult to change my mind. Whenever I'd noticed parents with kids, the kids seemed to be terrors, and the parents pathetic harried creatures, even when they prevailed. When people had babies, I congratulated them enthusiastically, because that seemed to be what one did. But I didn't feel it at all. "Better you than me," I was thinking.

2019年12月。在生孩子之前,我很害怕生孩子。在那之前,我对孩子的感觉就像年轻的奥古斯丁对过道德生活的感觉一样。想到自己可能永远不会有孩子,我会感到难过。但我现在就想要他们吗?不。如果我有了孩子,我就会成为父母,而从我小时候起就知道,父母是不酷的。他们沉闷、负责任、毫无乐趣。虽然孩子这么想并不奇怪,但老实说,作为一个成年人,我并没有看到多少能改变我想法的事情。每当我注意到有孩子的父母时,孩子们似乎都是小捣蛋鬼,而父母们则是可怜兮兮、焦头烂额的样子,即使他们最终赢了。当人们生了孩子,我会热情地祝贺他们,因为那似乎是应该做的。但我丝毫不动真心。我心里想的是:“还好是你,不是我。”

§ 3

Now when people have babies I congratulate them enthusiastically and I mean it. Especially the first one. I feel like they just got the best gift in the world. What changed, of course, is that I had kids. Something I dreaded turned out to be wonderful. Partly, and I won't deny it, this is because of serious chemical changes that happened almost instantly when our first child was born. It was like someone flipped a switch. I suddenly felt protective not just toward our child, but toward all children. As I was driving my wife and new son home from the hospital, I approached a crosswalk full of pedestrians, and I found myself thinking "I have to be really careful of all these people. Every one of them is someone's child!" So to some extent you can't trust me when I say having kids is great. To some extent I'm like a religious cultist telling you that you'll be happy if you join the cult too — but only because joining the cult will alter your mind in a way that will make you happy to be a cult member.

现在,当人们生了孩子,我会热情地祝贺他们,而且我是真心的。尤其是第一个孩子。我觉得他们刚刚得到了世界上最好的礼物。当然,变化在于我有了孩子。我害怕的事情结果竟然如此美妙。部分原因——我不否认——是我们的第一个孩子出生时,几乎瞬间发生了严重的化学变化。就像有人按下了开关。我突然感到一种保护欲,不仅对我们的孩子,而且对所有孩子。当我开车载着妻子和刚出生的儿子从医院回家时,接近一个人行横道,满是行人,我发现自己心想:“我得非常小心这些人才行。他们每个人都是某人的孩子!”所以在某种程度上,我说生孩子很棒的话不能全信。在某种程度上,我就像一个宗教崇拜者,告诉你如果你也加入这个崇拜,你会变得快乐——但这只是因为加入崇拜会改变你的心智,使你做崇拜成员感到快乐。

§ 4

But not entirely. There were some things about having kids that I clearly got wrong before I had them. For example, there was a huge amount of selection bias in my observations of parents and children. Some parents may have noticed that I wrote "Whenever I'd noticed parents with kids." Of course the times I noticed kids were when things were going wrong. I only noticed them when they made noise. And where was I when I noticed them? Ordinarily I never went to places with kids, so the only times I encountered them were in shared bottlenecks like airplanes. Which is not exactly a representative sample. Flying with a toddler is something very few parents enjoy. What I didn't notice, because they tend to be much quieter, were all the great moments parents had with kids. People don't talk about these much — the magic is hard to put into words, and all other parents know about them anyway — but one of the great things about having kids is that there are so many times when you feel there is nowhere else you'd rather be, and nothing else you'd rather be doing. You don't have to be doing anything special. You could just be going somewhere together, or putting them to bed, or pushing them on the swings at the park. But you wouldn't trade these moments for anything. One doesn't tend to associate kids with peace, but that's what you feel. You don't need to look any further than where you are right now. My other source of data about kids was my own childhood, and that was similarly misleading. I was pretty bad, and was always in trouble for something or other. So it seemed to me that parenthood was essentially law enforcement. I didn't realize there were good times too. I remember my mother telling me once when I was about 30 that she'd really enjoyed having me and my sister. My god, I thought, this woman is a saint. She not only endured all the pain we subjected her to, but actually enjoyed it? Now I realize she was simply telling the truth. She said that one reason she liked having us was that we'd been interesting to talk to.

但也不全是这样。关于生孩子,有些事我在有孩子之前明显搞错了。比如,我对父母和孩子的观察存在巨大的选择性偏差。有些父母可能注意到我写了“每当我注意到有孩子的父母时”。当然,我注意到孩子的时候,都是事情出问题的时候。我只在他们吵闹时才注意到他们。而且我在哪里注意到他们的?通常我从不去有孩子的地方,所以我遇到他们的唯一场合就是像飞机这样的共享瓶颈。这并不算一个有代表性的样本。带着幼儿飞行,是很少有父母喜欢的事情。我没有注意到的是那些安静得多的时刻——父母与孩子在一起的美好时光。人们很少谈论这些——这种魔力难以言表,而且其他父母反正也都知道——但生孩子的一大好处是,有太多时刻你会觉得,自己哪儿都不想去,什么事都不想做。你不需要做什么特别的事。可能只是一起去某个地方,或者哄他们睡觉,或者在公园里推他们荡秋千。但你愿意用任何东西来交换这些时刻。人们通常不会把孩子和宁静联系起来,但那正是你感受到的。你不需要再望向别处,此刻此地就够了。我关于孩子的另一个数据来源是我自己的童年,那同样具有误导性。我小时候很调皮,总是因为这样那样的事惹麻烦。所以在我看来,为人父母本质上就是执法。我没意识到也有好时光。我记得大约30岁时,母亲告诉我,她真的很享受抚养我和妹妹的时光。天哪,我想,这个女人是圣人。她不仅忍受了我们带给她的所有痛苦,而且竟然还很享受?现在我才明白,她只是在说实话。她说喜欢我们的一个原因是,和我们聊天很有趣。

§ 5

That took me by surprise when I had kids. You don't just love them. They become your friends too. They're really interesting. And while I admit small children are disastrously fond of repetition (anything worth doing once is worth doing fifty times) it's often genuinely fun to play with them. That surprised me too. Playing with a 2 year old was fun when I was 2 and definitely not fun when I was 6. Why would it become fun again later? But it does.

有了孩子之后,这一点让我很惊讶。你不仅仅是爱他们。他们也成了你的朋友。他们真的很有趣。虽然我承认小孩子特别喜欢重复(任何值得做一次的事都值得做五十遍),但和他们一起玩常常真的很有趣。这也让我很惊讶。和两岁孩子玩,在我两岁时是有趣的,六岁时绝对没意思。为什么后来又会变得有趣呢?但事实就是如此。

§ 6

There are of course times that are pure drudgery. Or worse still, terror. Having kids is one of those intense types of experience that are hard to imagine unless you've had them. But it is not, as I implicitly believed before having kids, simply your DNA heading for the lifeboats.

当然,也有纯粹是苦差事的时候。或者更糟,是恐惧。生孩子是那种强烈的体验之一,除非你经历过,否则很难想象。但它并不是我生孩子之前暗自以为的那样,只是你的DNA在奔向救生艇。

§ 7

Some of my worries about having kids were right, though. They definitely make you less productive. I know having kids makes some people get their act together, but if your act was already together, you're going to have less time to do it in. In particular, you're going to have to work to a schedule. Kids have schedules. I'm not sure if it's because that's how kids are, or because it's the only way to integrate their lives with adults', but once you have kids, you tend to have to work on their schedule. You will have chunks of time to work. But you can't let work spill promiscuously through your whole life, like I used to before I had kids. You're going to have to work at the same time every day, whether inspiration is flowing or not, and there are going to be times when you have to stop, even if it is. I've been able to adapt to working this way. Work, like love, finds a way. If there are only certain times it can happen, it happens at those times. So while I don't get as much done as before I had kids, I get enough done.

不过,我的一些担心是对的。孩子确实会让你效率降低。我知道生孩子会让一些人振作起来,但如果你已经很有条理了,你做事的时间就会减少。特别是,你必须按照时间表工作。孩子有时间表。我不确定是因为孩子天生如此,还是因为这是将他们的生活与成年人整合的唯一方式,但一旦有了孩子,你就不得不按照他们的时间表工作。你会有整块的时间工作,但不能像有孩子之前那样,让工作随意侵占生活的全部。你必须在每天同一时间工作,不管灵感是否涌现,而且有时候你不得不停下来,哪怕灵感正来。我已经适应了这种工作方式。工作就像爱,总会有办法。如果只有某些时间可以做,那就在那些时间做。所以虽然我不如以前做得多,但完成得也够了。

§ 8

I hate to say this, because being ambitious has always been a part of my identity, but having kids may make one less ambitious. It hurts to see that sentence written down. I squirm to avoid it. But if there weren't something real there, why would I squirm? The fact is, once you have kids, you're probably going to care more about them than you do about yourself. And attention is a zero-sum game. Only one idea at a time can be the top idea in your mind. Once you have kids, it will often be your kids, and that means it will less often be some project you're working on. I have some hacks for sailing close to this wind. For example, when I write essays, I think about what I'd want my kids to know. That drives me to get things right. And when I was writing Bel, I told my kids that once I finished it I'd take them to Africa. When you say that sort of thing to a little kid, they treat it as a promise. Which meant I had to finish or I'd be taking away their trip to Africa. Maybe if I'm really lucky such tricks could put me net ahead. But the wind is there, no question.

我讨厌这么说,因为雄心一直是我身份的一部分,但生孩子可能会让人不那么有雄心。看到这个句子写下来让我心痛。我扭捏着想要避开它。但如果这不是现实,我为什么要扭捏呢?事实是,一旦你有了孩子,你很可能会更关心他们,超过关心自己。而注意力是零和游戏。同一个时间只能有一个想法占据你脑海的顶端。有了孩子之后,占据顶端的经常是你的孩子,那就意味着更少地是你正在做的项目。我有一些在边缘游走的技巧。比如,我写文章时,会思考我希望我的孩子知道什么。这驱使我把事情做对。我写《Bel》时,告诉孩子们,一旦我写完,就带他们去非洲。你对小孩子说这种事,他们会把它当作承诺。这意味着我必须完成,否则就是剥夺他们的非洲之旅。也许如果我真够幸运,这些技巧能让我净收益。但风向就在那里,毫无疑问。

§ 9

On the other hand, what kind of wimpy ambition do you have if it won't survive having kids? Do you have so little to spare? And while having kids may be warping my present judgement, it hasn't overwritten my memory. I remember perfectly well what life was like before. Well enough to miss some things a lot, like the ability to take off for some other country at a moment's notice. That was so great. Why did I never do that? See what I did there? The fact is, most of the freedom I had before kids, I never used. I paid for it in loneliness, but I never used it.

另一方面,如果你的雄心连生孩子都经受不住,那算什么雄心?你就这么一点富余吗?虽然生孩子可能扭曲了我现在的判断,但它没有覆盖我的记忆。我非常清楚地记得以前的生活是什么样。足够让我非常怀念某些东西,比如随时动身去另一个国家的能力。那真是太棒了。为什么我从未这样做过?看到我刚才怎么说的了吗?事实是,有孩子之前的大部分自由,我从未使用过。我以孤独为代价换来了它,但我从未使用过。

§ 10

I had plenty of happy times before I had kids. But if I count up happy moments, not just potential happiness but actual happy moments, there are more after kids than before. Now I practically have it on tap, almost any bedtime. People's experiences as parents vary a lot, and I know I've been lucky. But I think the worries I had before having kids must be pretty common, and judging by other parents' faces when they see their kids, so must the happiness that kids bring.

有孩子之前,我也有过很多快乐时光。但如果我数一数幸福的时刻,不仅是潜在幸福,而是实际幸福时刻,有孩子之后比之前更多。现在,我几乎随时都能拥有,几乎在每个睡前时刻。为人父母的经历千差万别,我知道自己很幸运。但我认为,我在有孩子之前的担忧一定相当普遍,而看到其他父母见到孩子时的表情,孩子带来的幸福也一定如此。

§ 11

[1] Adults are sophisticated enough to see 2 year olds for the fascinatingly complex characters they are, whereas to most 6 year olds, 2 year olds are just defective 6 year olds.

[1] 成年人足够成熟,能够看出两岁孩子是迷人而复杂的角色,而对于大多数六岁孩子来说,两岁孩子只是有缺陷的六岁孩子。

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