Management Is the AI Superpower: Know What to Ask For
In an experimental UPenn EMBA class, students who had never coded were asked to build a startup from scratch in four days using Claude Code, Google Antigravity, ChatGPT, Claude, and Gemini. The author estimates their output was roughly an order of magnitude further along than a full pre-AI semester used to produce. The lesson: once AI can execute fast and cheaply, the scarce skill is delegation — specifying what 'done' means and judging whether the result is good. He proposes a trade-off among human baseline time, the AI's probability of success, and AI process time (prompting, waiting, checking). Applying OpenAI's GDPval numbers, experts took seven hours on tasks where GPT-5.2 now ties or beats them in 72% of evaluations; with an hour of review, expected savings are about three hours per task, with failed attempts costing more. He also notes that PRDs, five-paragraph orders, and deliverable specs work naturally as agent instructions. Useful for team leads and domain experts adopting agents.